内蒙古沙漠里开出年宵花 “沙漠蝴蝶兰”入万家******
(新春走基层)内蒙古沙漠里开出年宵花 “沙漠蝴蝶兰”入万家
中新网鄂尔多斯1月12日电 题:内蒙古沙漠里开出年宵花 “沙漠蝴蝶兰”入万家
中新网记者 张玮
距离春节还有10天,中国各地的年宵花拉开热销大幕。
《2023年宵花城市排行榜》显示,2022年12月最后一周,年宵花线上销量环比涨幅高达60%。目前已上线的近80款年宵花中,蝴蝶兰“热力”名列前茅,北京、广州、佛山、深圳、上海、西安等城市的蝴蝶兰销量均闯入前3位。
无论作为热门年礼,还是不少人的“心头好”,具有“洋兰王后”美称的蝴蝶兰从大漠“开进”千家万户。
2019年,中国第七大沙漠--库布齐沙漠腹地建起中国北方最大的蝴蝶兰基地,让原产自热带雨林国家的蝴蝶兰在大漠里花开正艳。
图为年宵花产品。 盒马花园供图库布齐沙漠地处内蒙古自治区鄂尔多斯市境内,这里光照充沛,昼夜温差大,地下水源洁净,为培育蝴蝶兰提供了优良的自然条件。
具有输欧标准的连栋智能温室大棚,设有一万级无菌蝴蝶兰组培中心和自主培养基地,以及成立蝴蝶兰杂交、克隆组培的研发团队……2022年9月,位于鄂尔多斯市杭锦旗的沙漠盒马村正式挂牌,一期占地面积约4.4万平方米。
沙漠盒马村培育研发中心蝴蝶兰组培负责人刘金婵介绍,引进优质品种后,科技人员开展组织培养,把蝴蝶兰的花苗抽梗。“蝴蝶兰抽梗后,能让一支梗培育出1000株蝴蝶兰。”
蝴蝶兰组培的无菌环境要求非常严格,堪比医院的外科手术室。接种室的技术人员在玻璃操作台前,为蝴蝶兰的芽做着“克隆手术”,以达到增殖的效果。“整个环节,人的皮肤组织不能接触幼芽。”刘金婵如是说。
图为接种室的技术人员为蝴蝶兰的芽做“克隆手术”。 盒马花园供图娇贵的蝴蝶兰“婴儿期”就要生活在瓶子里,从母瓶到子瓶,一共需要在玻璃瓶中生长8至12个月,但它却在科研人员的精心照拂下,具备了抗性强、生命力旺盛、花朵艳丽、花期长的新品种特性。
“沙漠蝴蝶兰”基地的花每天要享受12个小时的“日光浴”,并采用荷兰、以色列等国家的培育技术,让蝴蝶兰种苗全部“住”在恒温的可移动式植床上。
数据显示,蝴蝶兰组培中心成立近3年,可年产蝴蝶兰种苗1000余万株,每年研发、推广10至20个新品种。目前,“沙漠蝴蝶兰”基地有220多万株种苗,100多个蝴蝶兰品种。
如今,“沙漠蝴蝶兰”的成功培育打破中国“南花北调”的现状,可以实现反向输出,将内蒙古的蝴蝶兰调运至上海等基地,进行催花,最终开进千家万户。
图为“沙漠蝴蝶兰”组培中心。 盒马花园供图做过小学音乐教师的“90后”张佳磊,如今是这些“沙漠蝴蝶兰”的“奶爸”,看着这些争奇斗艳的花朵,作为当地人的他感叹,以农牧业为主的杭锦旗曾是国家级贫困县,没有特色农业品牌。“能在北方沙漠里种出热带、亚热带地区的高附加值植物,且达到规模化和产业化,这对当地来说可谓是个奇迹。”
目前,“沙漠蝴蝶兰”基地有当地产业工人、管理人员共计150人,人均月收入可达5000元人民币。
盒马花园负责人履言介绍,随着物流运输条件成熟,“沙漠蝴蝶兰”从内蒙古运到北京,甚至比云南鲜花北上用时更短。
履言说,“沙漠蝴蝶兰”基地计划用3到4年的时间,扩建至现有面积的3倍,同时完备科技设施、加强科研实力,提高产量,将重年宵场景的蝴蝶兰变为四季销售。(完)
中新网评:美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾****** 中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后,美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕,众议院共和党领袖凯文•麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录,将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。 资料图:美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀 摄由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素,众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中,美国民主党议员继续抱团,多轮投票中,一票不投麦卡锡,共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。 麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折,除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外,与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。 一方面,共和党党内反对者认为,麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱,无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府,另一方面,因为共和党的多数优势微弱,党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大,有利于他们巩固自己的选票。 此外,党内反对者也认为,自己的选票没有换取更多利益,希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步,比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。 作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物,众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任,选举几乎没有悬念。然而,麦卡锡此次为当选,不得不做出多个关键让步,其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制,使得众议长的权力被削弱,难以掌控众议院。 美国有线电视新闻网CNN称,麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步,这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。 这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下,党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上,美国两党相互拆台,陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内,也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系,相互对抗,选票变成了谋利益的工具。 从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举,“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈,长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力,其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。 两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病,美国所谓的“民主”形象,让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举,变成了政客们利益置换的游戏,进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能,不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。 House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy (ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy". The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader. Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party. On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration. On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses. Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees. As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives. But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker. CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful. This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally. Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits. From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public. Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world. The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.
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